Shrimp Cultivation

1. Shrimps cultivation has been found to have an impact on the socio-economic and the environment through many studies conducted all over the world. Studies in India showed shrimp cultivation to cost nearly two times the annual earnings of those regions. Moreover the process of shrimp cultivation leads to contamination of fresh water which negatively impact healthy water and reduces the coastal lines which makes coastal regions more prone to hurricanes and tornadoes. 2.The shrimp industry benefits three to four million â€Å"mostly poor† Bangladeshis while providing livelihood directly numbering some 11, 50,000 people. In 2007-2008, a total of 2, 23,095 Metric ton shrimp produced in Bangladesh that contributes 19,567. 90 core taka in the GNP. There is ample demand in the international markets for shrimp and Bangladesh is blessed with an environment friendly for shrimp production. So obviously, the shrimp industry has a huge potential for Bangladesh.Through various studies it w ere also found that shrimp industry did increase the income levels of the people and help them to enjoy a better standard of living. 3. Shrimps cultivation in also observed to have impacts of the social structure which leads to increased migration, social conflict and degradation of health. Moreover, it also cause impact on the bio-diversity, mangrove forest, soil and marine species, salinity, degradation of land and de-stabilization of coastal ecosystems. Bangladesh has been predominantly an agricultural based nation.Degradation of agricultural land will directly affect the food security and livestock of many people. Moreover as Bangladesh is a riverine nation saline waters for shrimp ponds can seep to all the other river bodies and contaminate the waters. 4. Shrimp Industry usually have a limited life-span of about 10 years observed in Bangladesh, Thailand and India. Shrimp farms located in Sunderbands, Khulna, Bhola, Bagerhaat and Barisal also encounter such short life-span. 5. B angladesh shrimp cultivators mostly us extensive to super-intensive shrimp farming techniques.These methods are very harsh and have serious crippling effects on the bio-diversity and the mangrove coastlines. Of about 35% of the world’s mangrove forests have been cleared due to this. 6. Unregulated shrimp farming and improper land zoning legislations have led to social uses such as land grabbing, improper land use and impairment for other fisheries cultivations. Shrimp cultivation have also seen uneven wealth distribution which eventually lead to further societal disputes.

A key element of unfolding the story in the action movie genre Essay

Violence is a key element of unfolding the story in the action movie genre. It is used to make sense of the narrative for the audience, gradually revealing character traits as well as intentions. In summation to this violence in the action movie genre often follow certain narrative conventions; including binary oppositions, Todorov’s disequilibrium as well as open endings and linear/non-linear narratives. Movies that conform to these stereotypes are often successful, movies such as Die Hard or more censored action movies such as Logan or Deadpool which follow the binary opposition style of narrative where the protagonists aim within the movie is to â€Å"train† to eventually take down the antagonist, oppositions may include – (Good vs. evil, rich vs. poor and man vs. woman) In addition to this the listed movies follow Todorov’s theory of disequilibrium where everything is in one piece until the antagonist is introduced only then will chaos arise. However, action movies that challenge these usual narratives leave options for the audience as to how they think the movie is going to end; movies such as Avatar are examples of this. This importance of violence in action movies are reinforced and undermined in the movies I have chosen to research, these movies include; Avatar, World War Z, 300, War of the planet of the apes, Casino Royale and American Sniper. The listed movies were chosen based on my personal preference for movies whilst taking into consideration the responses that the audience has given regarding the film, I have aimed to choose films within the 15-18 age rating mark to explore to a greater extent of how violence affects narrative in the action movie genre. This essay will analyse how greatly violence affects narrative systems in action films, with particular focus on – ‘Avatar (2009), World War Z (2013), 300 (2006), War of the planet of the apes (2017), Casino Royale (2006) and American Sniper (2014), ’ concentrating on how these titles challenge or reinforce particular action narrative conventions. Regarding the aspect of time in the film, it was Todorov who stated that – â€Å"All stories are based on a change from equilibrium (where everything is in order) to disequilibrium (chaos).† This can be applied when watching Avatar, James Cameron directs the movie with the assumption that the audience knows that everything is in order. Set in the distant future where technology has vastly advanced, a cripple played by Sam Worthington gets the opportunity to explore a ‘new world’ known as Pandora to further learn about their species known as the Navie. James Cameron reinforces Todorov’s theory through Avatar. He does this through Jake Sully (Sam Worthington) who starts learning about the Navie, gradually bonding with their kind, only to be stopped by his commander who seeks to attack the Navie for their land which holds expensive materials, resulting in the Navie to lose their trust for Jake Sully. However, Cameron then challenges this theory by having Jake Sully fill the position of the hero in the film entitling him with the role of a proper protagonist in an action movie as he goes against his commander to save the Navie and the woman he has fallen in love with. The importance of time for narrative can be highlighted by the view that – â€Å"Time can be subverted, altering the story and its effect on the viewer.† This can be applied to Avatar as the main protagonist in the movie enters Pandora through a machine which morphs the conscience from his body into an alternative Avatar body. These scenes are shown to the audience multiple times within the film and are presented in the form of some sort of dream to make a clear distinction between the time in the ‘real world’ and Pandora. Regarding the plot and story of Avatar James Cameron uses violence to clearly illustrate to the audience the binary oppositions within the film, using different genres of music when a ‘good’ or ‘bad’ character appears on the screen as well as using non-diegetic voice-overs of Jake Sully with the intentions of making him appear as an ‘underdog’ sort of character who is rising up and finding a purpose in his life. In summation to this, different shot types are used to highlight certain characters dominance – evidence of this can be seen from when Jake Sully is presented in a worm’s eye view type of shot despite him being a cripple, a sense of nobility is being expressed. It was Jacques Derrida that stated that â€Å"binary pairs were never equal.† He further went on to claim that within any particular culture, one ‘side’ of each binary pair tended to be valued or judged in a more privileged light. This idea is con firmed heavily in Avatar painting the Navie to be a good force and the military/scientists to be the enemy attempting to steal the Na vie’s land and even kill them if they stand in their way. Whether or not violence is important for narrative in the action movie genre, can be further answered by decomposing the movie; World War Z. Marc Forster places Gerry Lane high up on a podium presenting him to the audience to be a strong, brave and heroic protagonist, this is done through the use of backstory given to his character in the movie. Using the information that Forster gives the audience we learn that Lane has a motive for what he is doing and why he is doing it- we as an audience come to learn that he wants to protect his family and the other people close to him all whilst bearing the hopes of the world on his shoulders. With further reference to the plot as a narrative, Bordwell and Thompson stated; â€Å"All we have before us is the plot – the arrangement of material in the film as it stands. We create the story in our minds on the basis of cues in the plot.† This is reinforced in World War Z as it follows a linear narrative but leaves the option open for an open ending in which the audience can ponder on a possible ending for the movie, various situations in the movie allow the audience to do this; the idea is further supported through violence as seen in the opening three minutes of the film where multiple disasters are presented to the audience through a ‘news broadcast’ format, which is used for authenticity and to give the viewer an idea of what the current state of the world is. An example of this further being enforced can be seen during the first action scene that we see in the film, a state of confusion and uneasiness is created by Lane and his wife’s reaction to hearing about the – â€Å"sudden outbreak of rabies† on the radio, this develops into a state of panic when we begin to see everyone running to safety; trampling over people and even going as far as to run over people. The unintentional violence shown here is purposefully added by Foster in an attempt to connote the level of threat in the current situation and how serious it is. In summation to this, this scene can be compared to a later action scene in the film which takes place in Jerusalem; in this case the audience is left to wonder what the outcome of the battle is going to be, Forster doesn’t give the audience an opportunity to easily pick an ending of the scene; he structures the film in a way which presents the antagonists in a superior sense – as seen from the many scenes where the antagonist have the upper hand on the main characters in the film. The scene in Jerusalem shows an injured soldier on the floor with a wound on her arm is an example of this, Lane is presented to the audience in an over the shoulder shot moaning in pain whilst he attempts to console her. Despite this the audience could have conflicting ideas for who would prevail due to characters such as Lane in the film being presented as heroes as seen from his elevated status when he is consoling the soldier, making him the dominant figure in that particular shot. In summation to this, the various triumphs and escapes that the characters make the infected humans support the protagonists prevailing. With regards to the narrative that violence adds in these two scenes, it is clear that violence is important when taking into account the audience’s interpretation of how the next scene will turn out, Foster uses violence as a key element throughout the film to leave the audience sceptical as to what is going to happen to Lane next. In conclusion, I believe that it can be seen from the evidence above that violence is important for narrative in the action movie genre, supporting this would be how violence presents the audience with a binary opposition which ultimately sets the story and plot of the film; violence also reveal certain character traits to the audience and presents them in various lights. However, it can also true that violence is not the key element for narrative in the action movie genre.

Business environment of law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Business environment of law - Essay Example Use of meat products is judged by the consumers taste and level of enjoyment. The consumer also concern over the price, health and nutritional variety a certain food provides, it shows the changing life style of the people. With time and economic development, the consumers are provided with wide variety of processed food that satisfies the urge of common people for versatility in food or meat products. (Joseph and Griffiths 63-69) This scandal has shattered the meat industry in Europe. The discovery of horsemeat in products being sold has caused the authorities in Britain and France immediate health concerns. As further investigations are still under process but discovery by Irish investigations have found horse and pig DNA in numerous hamburger products. In the view of officials until the investigations are confirmed and assurance is made, the EU commission can temporary ban the import of meat products or processed product in Britain. Although horse meat is used among several part o f the world but the food inspectors are concerned that the horse meat might contain any sort of veterinary drugs. Until material evidence comes up a ban cannot be made, creating anger and outrage in France and Britain. The pressure on the authorities to resolve the issue has increased by the common people. (Levs and Per Nyberg) STEPS TO RESOLVE THE ISSUE Now mentioning the horse-meat usage and way to resolve this shocking outbreak, the scandal has risen in the European region and so has the fears regarding the complex supply chains of Europe’s food market increased. It has come to my knowledge that as the issue has gained severity a number of food chain suppliers have pulled their cheaper line of meat products off the stores, as they are suspicious of it being contaminated of horse meat. To resolve the issue the officials (including me) appointed by the committee are struggling to reassure the confidence of consumers over the fresh beef products. It is reported that according to David Health, the Food minister the medical risks are very low, several tests are ongoing in the past few weeks and nothing can be concluded until the result is positive. Moving on to investigations, the police have arrested several men on suspicion of offences under the Fraud act to mislabel and sell horse meat as beef. One of the setbacks seen in this scandal is the lack of confidence of consumers on the biggest food suppliers in Britain. According to the experts laboratories are working around the clock but as the number of effected products is great, timely reports are a problem. (Carrington, James Meikle, and Simon Neville) Described above are the initial steps taken by my department of investigations, but besides this it is necessary to suggest an effective plan to overcome the issue as soon as possible. Firstly, a ban upon all the slaughter houses should be the first step, even if they are license slaughter houses. This ban won’t create a shortage of meat as when t hese slaughter house are closed, an alternate slaughter house should be brought in function under the supervision of a team to check the meat. Meanwhile, the government must formulate a policy that in future all the meat that comes in the country or supplied to shops be formally checked by labs. Secondly, as mentioned in this paper, ban upon imports for a limited time period,

Reflective Analysis Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Reflective Analysis Paper - Essay Example The book describes Maya as being a victim of racism and ignorance. In the book, the main character Maya Angelou and her family are African-Americans. The book originates in the 1930’s to 1940’s having examples of racist discrimination all through. Not only are the white people racists, but also reject, divide and are bad hearted to the African Americans. As the adage goes, when the going gets tough the tough keeps on going, the African Americans excelled through being smart and avoiding the racists. The black community as stated in the book is regular church attendees. Momma, Maya’s grandmother is the most religious person in the book. Most black people usually like church activities because they believe God is never biased. Maya’s white folks are not as kind as she expected as the whites had their heads high terming themselves superior because of a lighter skin. The whites expected to be treated with hospitality from other races but they would not return the favor. Black would walk out of the white’s way and address them with respect. In the case where Momma took Maya to the dentist he refused to treat her claiming that he would rather stick his finger in a dog’s mouth than hers.(Angelou 189) the doctor at this point was completely unfair and was a racist. Like everyone else, Maya is human and poses to have equal rights as everyone else. According to the Almighty, everyone is equal in his eyes and neither the whites nor the blacks are superior beings. The black community like Maya had to live on the remote side of the town while the whites lived on the opposite side never to associate with them. â€Å"The peculiar pale beings who lived in their alien unlife were never attributed as folks, but were white folks† (Angelou 26). In those times, racism was very open and the whites never bothered about the blacks feelings. In the early 21st century, racism was just like in old times but now evolved in different ways. I n recent times, racism is experienced in employment. The government ended discrimination of persons in looking for jobs as an affirmative action. To some way, there was justice but that did not help to curb the whole issue. A supervisor at Best Buy was discriminated by being stuck at the same management level for more than seven years even though he had all the qualifications for promotion. People go through so much but they only persevere for the aim of gaining promotion or favored. This is very unfair to those who have to stoop so low so that they can be given the desired favors. Racism can be life threatening at the extreme level but its ones dignity that is crushed and lowered. Maya went through true racism and it is of uttermost good that racism has receded in recent times hence people do not suffer that much. Racism is practiced from generation to generatio

Leadership Styles In Nursing Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Leadership Styles In Nursing - Research Paper Example Among the leadership styles mentioned in those literatures, servant leadership is quite rarely mentioned from these literatures, and none of these mentioned be-know-do leadership style. This paper will be discussing these two less-frequently utilized leadership styles and will be dealing with their potential application as an addition to the more common leadership styles in the nursing setting in promoting a more effective nursing care planning and patient outcomes. Servant Leadership â€Å"And whosoever of you will be the chiefest, shall be servant of all.† (Mark 10:44, King James Version) Servant leadership is popularized by Greenleaf (1970) in the 21st century, but was already introduced by Jesus Christ about two thousand years ago, written in the gospels of the apostles in the Bible. A narrow idea of servant leadership is that the person taking the lead is assuming the role of a servant to his followers (i.e. a person leads because it is his duty as a servant to his followers). The leader using this style is motivated by his â€Å"deep desire to help others† (Greenleaf Center, 1999). What separates this leadership style from others is the incorporation of the concepts of values and morality, having focus on the aspects of trust, appreciation of others and empowerment (Graham, 1991; Russell, 2001). This style is based on teamwork, involving others, ethics and care, enhancing growth of followers, and improving quality (Greenleaf Center, 1999). ... Servant leadership is observed in the nursing profession and is seen as a feasible style in the nursing setting (Swearingen & Liberman, 2004). Be-Know-Do Leadership Originated from the United States Army (2004), this leadership style revolves in the concepts of â€Å"be†, â€Å"know† and â€Å"do† geared towards their purpose and direction. The leader assumes the role using his ability to influence others and learning the skills in gaining the trust and commitment of his followers for them to act according to their objectives (Department of the Army, 2006). The character and skills of the leader motivates the action performed by the team. Contrary to the common notion of military leadership, this style is not as simple as â€Å"bossing† with people, but every person in the team is assuming both as a leader and as a subordinate, wherein it is pictured as leading the leaders, even among the lowest ranks (Hesselbein & Shinseki, 2004). This style is also trans formational, but even if it is apparently autocratic, followers are expected to act instead of waiting for an order. There might be no literatures that support the utilization of be-know-do leadership in the nursing setting, many features of this style can be observed, like nurses being both a leader and a follower, the influential power of the nurse leader to achieve the objectives of patient care (Kelly-Heidenthal, 2003). Application of Clinical Example Servant leadership is more apparent on nurse-patient relationships. One of the nurses’ roles to her patients is being a leader in terms of caring. The nurse, being the patient’s manager of his care, exerts her duty in leading as a servant. An

Champagne and its Origins Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Champagne and its Origins - Essay Example Champagne was produced in order to be served to only noble and royal people all throughout the 17th to the 19th century and only after this period did it begin to circulate around the world and be used by other sections of society as well. Gradually, more and more people began consuming champagne; the middle classes thrived and tried to move themselves to the upper sections of society, and the use of champagne helped them achieve a similar status. With the help of better packaging and advertising, the drink began to reach a wider market or more number of people and was used at parties, festivities and any other kind of celebratory events by different kinds of people. From even before the 5th century began, it was found that Romans had planted a number of vineyards in and around the Champagne region of France, leading to the production of a vast variety of grapes which later came into use for the purpose of fermentation and formation of alcohol. A number of these vineyards were grown in churches as the wine was used for religious purposes too. The climate in this northern region was also suitable for viticulture or study and production of grapes and made a difference to the kind of wine that was being produced. The people in the southern regions of France soon also started to develop and undertake the production of grapes for the purpose of producing wine and champagne however the results they achieved brought about a difference in colour and taste due to the difference in temperatures. The oldest existing proof of the production of champagne, from grapes and wine, dates back to the famous ‘Blanquette De Limoux’. This was made in the year 1531 by Benedictine Monks in the Abbey of Saint Hilaire near Carcassonne. After this, many methods were applied in the process of fermentation and famous people like Dom Perignon produced some of the finest champagnes introduced to the world. The creation of champagne is a scientific process which was perfected by physicists’ world over; fermentation was perfected by adding sugar and other substances in order to make the champagne taste sweeter. Dom Perignon also made a few inventions like the making of the muselet for the purpose of holding the cork to create pressure in fermentation on the drink and thus perfect it further. It was also only bottled after the process of fermentation was completely over, just like the proper rural method to create it. Well within the 19th century, the production of champagne broke into the figures of millions of bottled being produced all over the world each year. Champagne production requires at best at least one and a half years getting a good bottle of the sparkling wine. Methode Champenoise is known as one of the most traditional methods of obtaining and producing champagne. First, fermentation is allowed to take place within the bottle. This is the process where a catalyst acts upon the grape solution and converts it into an alcoholic beverage for the purpose of consumption. It is said that the amount of fermentation that takes place makes an effect on the drink; an older and more fermented drink is said to have better taste and structure than anything fairly newer. A second round of fermentation takes place within the bottle with an addition of substances like some grams of yeast and rock sugar after which a long time is required for the flavour to pull and settle inside the bottle. It

Mexican War Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Mexican War - Essay Example ico was becoming quite nervous about the number of Americans migrating into California, since they had no desire to go through another annexation such as Texas had been (Heidler and Heidler 48) It was also the belief of most politicians at the time, including President James K. Polk to achieve Manifest Destiny which stated that it was the wish of God to have all of the land under one government, from the Eastern coast of the Atlantic Ocean to the Western Coast of California (Heidler and Heidler 143). Between the wish to have the land of Texas under the flag of the United States, as well as the philosophy of Manifest Destiny, the United States declared and entered a war with Mexico in order to gain new land to add to the United States and achieve the dream of a coast-to-coast United States. Though Mexico and the United States had never been friends, the annexation of Texas in 1845 was a major blow to Mexico. Upon learning that Texas had, in fact, been annexed, Mexico banished the American ambassador and cut all diplomatic ties to the United States (Mintz, Moores, and Moores). Though the attempts made by Mexico to retake Texas in 1842 had been unsuccessful, they still refused to recognize the authority of Texas as a separate nation, holding out the hope that they could indeed retake the country (as it was then thought of) that had originally been part of Mexico (Mintz, Moores, and Moores). The United States offered Mexico $5 million to recognize the border of Texas as the Rio Grande River, rather than the Nueces River 130 miles northeast(Mintz, Moores, and Moores). The United States also offered up to an additional $5 million for the territory of New Mexico, and an additional proposal offering up to $25 million for the land of California (Mintz, Moores, and Moores). The Mexicans refused any and all offers due to their anger over the loss of Texas (Mintz, Moores, and Moores). Despite attempts to preserve peace, it was soon felt that war was the only

E learning Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

E learning - Research Paper Example Despite these strengths and opportunities, e-learning faces several distinct barriers. These barriers will be explored in this paper. Diverse barriers to e-learning can prevent or delay the effective design or implementation of e-learning programs. This section discusses some of the widespread categories of hindrances to e-learning. Table 1 shows the various barriers to e-learning that are arranged according to publication. Inadequate technological tools, such as lack of computers, and poor or limited Internet availability can impede the adoption of e-learning. Poorly designed e-learning programs are barriers to e-learning too. The learning system for e-learning must be applied to preservice teaching, and if not, there will be problems in the design and implementation of e-learning. In India, schools do not have sufficient equipment for delivering e-learning, especially in rural areas, and bandwidth problems are also widespread concerns. The absence of a reliable ICT infrastructure shapes e-learning adoption similarly. Negative stereotypes against older learners impact the participation of older students in e-learning platforms (334). Lack of ICT knowledge and skills among older students are barriers to e-learning too. Teachers are more likely to implement e-learning, if it is aligned with public educations policies and standards. KSA must go over the possibility of mandating e-learning across public education levels to enhance its adoption. Differences in policies and implementation because of administrative dimensions can affect e-learning diffusion. Poor professional development toward e-learning can be attributed to the organization because of lack of resources and/or political will and unity. Teachers may not adopt e-learning if they do not see that the administration as supportive to the skills training and other needs of e-learning platform. Poor alignment between e-learning goals and curriculum can hinder e-learning effectiveness. Table 1 shows

Research project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Research project - Essay Example does not cure AIDS or eliminate the virus from the body. Higher rates of success have been achieved with a cocktail of a variety of medications, including both protease inhibitors and reverse transcriptase inhibitors. "Efavirenz (Sustiva), another type of reverse transcriptase inhibitor, must be taken with protease inhibitors or older AIDS medicines. Opportunistic infections are treated with various antibiotics and antivirals, and patients with malignancies may undergo chemotherapy. These measures may prolong life or improve the quality of life, but drugs for AIDS treatment may also produce painful or debilitating side effects." (Muir, 1991) Protease inhibitors, first approved in 1995, were designed for use in combination with reverse transcriptase inhibitors. The AIDS cocktail or triple-combination therapy, consists of a protease inhibitor and two reverse transcriptase inhibitors such as AZT and 3TC. Protease inhibitors work by disrupting the HIV replication cycle. "Protease is another enzyme that is essential in the replication of HIV, but rather than acting on the process of genetic transcription, protease is necessary for breaking down viral proteins into the proper components for the maturation of new virus particles." In the absence of protease, the formation of viral proteins is incomplete, slowing the process of the virus. When taken together, the actions of reverse transcriptase inhibitors work in the early stages of the syndrome, while protease inhibitors interrupt processes in the final stages of maturation of new virus particles. (Henkel, 1999) Clinical trials have demonstrated the effectiveness of this combination therapy and resulted in an advancement in the... Elwood, William N., ed. Power in the Blood: A Handbook on AIDS, Politics, and Communication. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1999. Questia. 9 Mar. 2007 . Mitchell, Christopher G., and Nathan L. Linsk. "A Multidimensional Conceptual Framework for Understanding HIV/AIDS as a Chronic Long-Term Illness." Social Work 49.3 (2004): 469+. Questia. 8 Mar. 2007 .

Guest lecturer reports Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 3

Guest lecturer reports - Essay Example This is achieved through applying the imaginations on the knowledge available. Sustainable development (SD) is one which meets the prevailing needs of the society without compromising the ability of the future generations for the purposes of their sustainability. It can be conceptualized both as an objective and a process. As an objective it advocates for the maintenance of environmental integrity, ensuring social equity and aiming for economic efficiency. However, as a process it explains the integration of environment, society and economy in a model. The environment provides material for the economy and also gives grounds for disposal. The raw materials are converted to goods and services to be consumed by the society, which takes back the wastes to the economy for recycling (Bogliotti, & Spangenberg, 2006). The society also gets free goods and services directly from environment. The environmental integrity is self reliable system that mainly evaluates that economy arose from the n eeds of the society to specialize in what it could produce. At this time, the ecosystem service was sustainable to society mainly because the subjects were small in number. Economy grows rapidly and outdoes the ecosystem service such that almost all societal needs are sustained by the economy. For instance finite resources like oil are being exhausted and the renewable resources used up quickly more than they are replenished. Ensuring social equity entails fulfilling the needs of all men and women, development of communities and respect for diversity. The invention of trade and later currency led to the economic explosion. Economic explosion is defined by accumulation of capital which funded major mega-projects. Thus a sustainable economy can be viewed as one which uses renewable resources as quickly as they are replenished, returns wastes to the environment at accepted limits, recycles finite resources and is resilient to changes within particular sectors. However, the environmenta lists have different opinion from the political view whose concern is on the need for further economic growth to combat global poverty, environmental problems and climatic change (Ayong Le Kama, 2001). See the diagram below; SD as a process may be analyzed in a model, as illustrated in the example of the UK SD strategy of 2009. It aimed at social progress, environmental protection, efficient use of natural resources and stable economic growth and employment. The four-legged table model explains how this quality of life was prioritized. First vision is creation oriented where a bare land resources is utilized by building structures. Decision making is the next aspect and is given a social approach. This actor-approach advocates bringing possible ideas and fostering integration of ideas and mindsets. It is an important point noted and lesson learnt that the SD is to balance and amalgamate economics, social science and environmental science. Technical experts and stakeholders should en sure vision is sound and fair. Recognition of context e.g. from a worldly view to a specific locality is equally important as considering the world trends in relation to the state of the planet, technology, people’s values and behaviors and the new legislations and regulations. When environmental problems such as global warming and climate change are considered, humans are found to cause this thus their behavior to be

Dalman Swot Essay Example for Free

Dalman Swot Essay Dalman and Lei are considering a large-scale expansion for their business, Sandwich Blitz. In order to come to the right conclusion they need to do a SWOT analysis which means finding a strength, a weakness, an opportunity and a threat in regards to the operations of the business. By performing a SWOT analysis Dalman and Lei will be able to find factual information about their internal and external business environment. Then they will be able to take advantage of opportunities presented to them by playing on their strengths, correcting their weaknesses and counter acting threats, or those items or actions of competitors deemed potential threats. The first part of doing the SWOT analysis is to identify one strength and one weakness in regards to Sandwich Blitz’s internal resources. Sandwich Blitz’s strength is that they have a positive cash flow and Lei knows that they have enough money to open two new locations. Even though she mentions that there has been a decrease in traffic in the stores near the office parks they are still making a profit. Their weakness is their internal structure is not functioning correctly at the moment. Dalman and Lei are spending the majority of their time helping the managers with budgeting and the daily accounting process. These are things the managers should be doing themselves without Dalman and Lei’s help. The second part of doing the SWOT analysis is to identify one opportunity and one threat in regards to Sandwich Blitz’s external environment. Sandwich Blitz currently has eight locations but they are all within one metropolitan area. So, an opportunity for Sandwich Blitz is that they could expand into another city. The threat that Sandwich Blitz faces is that competitors are entering the market because they have shown to be profitable. Lei mentions that there are two new franchise operations emerging into the market that offer similar food products as Sandwich Blitz. In short, Dalman and Lei need to put together a strategic plan to solve the issues that the business is currently facing before they jump feet first into the idea of expanding and opening new locat ions.

Integrating health care systems Essay Example for Free

Integrating health care systems Essay Integrating health care systems Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Integrated health systems deem to be component of the resolution to the general glitch of sustaining global healthcare structure. Various methodical literature reviews have been developed to funnel decision-makers and other stakeholders to strategize and execute integrated health schemes. The inefficiencies and inequality in health systems have persisted for long due to economic breakdown. The rationale of advancement of health systems is to improve efficiency and equity in health care provision (Boslaugh, 2013). The rationale of this paper is to compare, contrast and describe two articles related to integration of healthcare systems. â€Å"Integrated health care networks in Latin America: toward a conceptual a framework for analysis† is an article by ML Và ¡zquez, and â€Å"Ten key principles for successful health systems integration† by E Suter (Retrived from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3004930/).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Integrated health systems are considered as right step towards the challenge of sustainability (Lorenzi, 2005). The efforts to ensure that the state of health care system across countries include introduction of health care networks. This system is also known as integrated health care delivery system. Other efforts include guiding health professionals and other related stakeholders to strategize and execute integrated health care configuration (Kronenfeld, 2004). Integrated health care systems are generally believed to offer greater performance in terms of safety, quality as a result of standardized protocols and effective communication. However, these results have not been fully realized (Joumard , 2010).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   These two articles were published in 2009. There is need to integrate health care systems since they are characterized by overrated expenses, sluggish public disbursement on health as part of gross domestic product, as well as gross inequalities (Mesa-Lago, 2007). In both articles the health care systems are integrated to meet patient needs, to ensure comprehensive services across the health care scheme, consistent care delivery between professional groups, information coordination, performance management, physician integration, organization leadership and culture, financial management, and governance construction (Retrieved from http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?pid=S1020-49892009001000012script=sci_arttext).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Suter descried the condition of health systems in Canada while Và ¡zquez elaborate about the state of health care condition in Latin America (Geyndt, 2001). Health care system in Latin America has been jeopardized by economic breakdown, gross inequalities, and overrated expenditure. On contrary, health care is greatly affected by service demand, gradual cost inflation, as well as staff shortages. In both articles endeavors to integrate health care structure face hindrances. In Canada, efforts for integration are affected by inadequate information related to executing and integration-linked initiatives (Rathwell, 1994). That is the information is isolated and not easily accessed. On the other hand, despite integration in health structure in health systems, the issues of inequalities still prevail in health services. Recent study reveals that health care integration in Canada is not sustainable in the modern form (Morrison, 2013).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In conclusion, calls for superior integration of health care service delivery, as an approach to attend to equity of efficiency and access, have been demonstrated in health reforms by multilateral institutions and national governments across the world. These efforts include proper planning to help the health care professionals to make superior decisions as well as the introduction of integrated health care networks. These efforts will strengthen the capacity of health care systems. The objective of these reforms is to improve overcoming inequalities as well as improving efficiency. The only remaining part is to ensure there are appropriate strategies to analyze the capability of the alterations being put into place to deliver integration plans. References Boslaugh, S. (2013). Health care systems around the world: a comparative guide. New York, NY: SAGE publishers. Geyndt, W. D. (2001). Improving the quality of health care in Latin America. International Journal for Quality in Health Care, 13(2), 85-87. Health care comes home the human factors. (2011). Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press. Integrating mental health into primary care: a global perspective.. (2008). Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization ;. Joumard, I., AndreÃÅ' , C., Nicq, C. (2010). Health Care Systems. Paris: OECD. Kronenfeld, J. J. (2004). Chronic care, health care systems, and services integration. Amsterdam: Elsevier JAI. Lorenzi, N. M. (2005). Transforming health care through information (2nd ed.). New York: Springer. Mesa-Lago, C. (2007). Social Security In Latin America: Pension And Health Care Reforms In The Last Quarter Century. Latin American Research Review, 42(2), 181-201. Morrison, J. (2013). CPhA and other health care professions: Working for a better health care system. Canadian Pharmacists Journal / Revue des Pharmaciens du Canada, 146(3), 171-172. Rathwell, T. (1994). Health Care In Canada: A System In Turmoil. Health Policy, 27(1), 5-17. SciELO Salud Publica. (n.d.). SciELO Salud Publica. Retrieved August 25, 2014, from http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?pid=S1020-49892009001000012script=sci_arttext Suter, E., Oelke, N., Adair, C., Armitage, G. (1930, March 6). Abstract. National Center for Biotechnology Information. Retrieved August 25, 2014, from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3004930/ Source document

Extraversion on Academic Achievement in University Students

Extraversion on Academic Achievement in University Students University fosters an environment encouraging both academic achievements and personal developments. Each individuals experience differs due to their choice of engagement in academic and social events. As academic events are still more important in an academic institution, achieving excellence in academics should be the priority for every student. The choice of participation and degree of academic involvement may depend upon an individuals personality. Thus, the relationship between personality traits and an individuals university academic achievement will be examined. To be more specific, extraversion will be the target personality trait in this study. Extraversion is the independent variable in the study; it refers to an individuals energy level and tendency to interact with others in a social setting (Costa McCrae, 1992).In this study, the Big-Five Personality Inventory which defines human beings personality traits through five dimensions was used (Goldberg Rosolack, 1994). Extraverts tend to be social, talkative, and emotional. Introverts, on the other hand, are less emotional and more likely to stay alone (Costa McCrae). By reviewing the past studies, there seemed to be more than one explanation in explaining the relationship between the above independent and dependent variables. However, they were not conflicting with each other. A variety of factors has been taken into account to thoroughly examine the impact of extraversion on an individuals academic achievement. For example, in 1966, Estabrook and Sommer (1966) conducted an early and classic study. The results revealed that more extraverted students preferred to study in a leisure manner. For example, they liked to study in an informal space, such as on a bed or a couch. They also took frequent breaks and tended to study in a group setting, while the introverts enjoyed the contrasting habits and settings (Estabrook Sommer). The results of the study revealed that the extraverts had a lower average compared to the introverts (Estabrook Sommer). It also further demonstrated that an individual with a higher score in extraversion had worse study habits, which might have contributed to its less satisfactory academic performance in university. A similar study was conducted on the same topic but with a third variable involved, peak activation time (Beaulieu, 1991). This study examined the relationship between an individuals peak activation time, extraversion/introversion and academic achievement. Peak activation time is the time period in which, people tend to be more efficient in activities. Participants were a group of adults enrolled in a junior-level organizational behavior course. Along with their academic grades, a survey was also conducted to collect their extraversion score and sleeping habits. As a result, it was clear that extraverts tended to go to sleep late and had a peak activation time at night, while the introverts preferred to sleep earlier and had a peak activation time in the daytime (Beaulieu). Because most university courses are taken place in the day, the hypothesis predicted that introverts would do better than the extraverts given their daytime activation peak pattern. The result was consistent with the prediction extraverts had poorer academic scores than the introverts. However, there were findings that extraverts paid less attention in academic activities, because they contributed more time engaging in social events given their social and energetic nature. Less attention might be paid to daily academic activities. A recent study, conducted by Infant and Marin, investigated a sample of unsuccessful Spanish students focused on their personalities (2008). Here, unsuccessful students could be defined as students with low averages, high failing rates and potential to drop out. As discussed in the previous two studies, Infant and Marin predicted that individuals scoring high on extraversion would be likely to experience poorer academic performance given their ineffective study habits. Similarly, this study revealed that extraverts had a higher chance to experience neuroticism, lack of motivation, and low conscientiousness, they were more likely to result in academic failure in university and become pessimistic about their future. Thus, this result emphasizes upon the fact that an unsuccessful university students had a higher chance of being more extraverted. This study also illustrated a further relationship between the two variables an extravert experienced poor academic results from their ineffec tive study habits, and these results could trigger the development of negative attitudes towards their future academic experiences in university. A recent meta-analysis found that the extraversion and intelligence are negatively correlated . Although the result exemplified no relationship between the two variables, there might be a potential correlation. Additionally, Morris and Carden (1981) examined the relationship between internal-external locus of control and extraversion-introversion. This study was conducted through gathering university undergraduate students data. The group assignments were based on survey results that differentiated the participants as external or internal locus of control and extraverts or introverts (Morris and Carden). These participants were then given out a test, and consequently their time spendt on the test and their overall grades were recorded (Morris and Carden). Later a feedback was written by the students about their feeling on their overall grades. The results demonstrated that the extraverts were impulsive (more satisfied or more unsatisfied in terms of emotion like happiness or sadness) even when their grades were not necessarily lower or higher than others (Morris and Carden). In combination with the external-internal analysis, it was clear that an extravert with external locus of control ten ded to do the poorest of the four groups (Morris and Carden). This model suggested that participants high on extraversion tended to be more emotional in problem solving or critical situations. In addition, if exhausted participants had external locus of control in dealing with problems, they had a higher chance of doing poorly. Conversely, an introvert with an internal locus of control was more emotionally stable and more likely to believe in his or her own abilities. However, results were quite different when the students own perspectives and grades were taken into account in rating the degree of their own success. Irfani (1978) developed hypothesis stating that a students perspective on his or her academic performance would be influenced by their personality. It was tested through three different groups of participants assigned based on their personalities, extraversion, psychoticism and neuroticism (Irfani). These students were asked to answer a question that simply required their answer about whether they categorize themselves as successful or unsuccessful with respect to their academic performance (Irfani). Extraversion ratings seemed to affect the rating of academic success the most. A large number of extroverts in all three groups rated themselves as academically successful (Irfani) as they might have been more impulsive about their achievements. Thus the result supported the hypothesis to some degree. One could conclude from the result tha t an extrovert might view himself or herself as successful even when they are not. This conclusion also supported Morris and Cardens (1981) research that idicated extroverts had the tendency to be more emotional in performing academic activities. Moreover, this research also demonstrated that an extroverts perception and satisfaction derived from academic performance may encourage them in continuing their study habits, and thus less likely to make improvements in the future due to constant inefficiency. This could be another reason why the extroverts have a higher chance of doing poorer than the introverts do academically. In conclusion, students scoring high on the extraversion test may perform poorer than those who score low on extraversion. This result can be explained by a combination of factors. From the literature reviews collected on this topic, an extravert tends to be social, energetic, and easy-satisfied, which may contribute to their poor academic performance through their peak activation time at night and ineffective and lazy studying habits. In addition, extraverts high emotional levels may increase their tendency to be impulsive in reacting towards both successful and unsuccessful events. Thus, these factors together may make them less capable of handling university academic life successfully. Therefore, the hypothesized result is that students who score high on extraversion test will have less successful academic performance than those who score low on the test and vice versa. In this study, the Big-Five personality test will be employed to measure the independent variable, and only the extraversion parts will be used to calculate the score. An extrovert will naturally receive a higher score on the test, while an introvert will get a lower result. The questionnaire and the scoring keys used in this study are attached in the Appendix B and C (John Srivastava, 1999). Moreover, the dependent factor of this study is an individuals academic achievement, which is measured by his or her cumulative average from first year. In order to maximize reliability of data and avoid skewness, only first-year students will be sampled since their courses are mostly compulsory. Method Participants The sample were composed of 36 undergraduate students from the University of Western Ontario (UWO), ranging from the age of 18 to 27 (M=20.64, SD=1.76). This group of participants was randomly selected at UWOs University Community Centre (UCC) from 12:00 to 15:00 and from 21:00 to 23:00. In addition, researcher employed the method of convenience sampling in approaching participants and requesting for their cooperation and completion of the questionnaires. However, this sampling method did provide a perfect random selection, so the results might be confounded as students choices of going to the UCC in the selected periods may be highly dependent on their personalities. Thus the problem of generalization might appear in this study. For compensation, a more distributive sample was taken as the result of going for participant in large time gap. That is, going for individuals randomly, trying to avoid large group which would result in a similar personality and grade. Materials First, participants will be required to complete a Demographic Questionnaire (See Appendix A). This form contains items relevant to a students personal background, such as age, gender, ethnic background, birthplace, and average grade of each participants first year courses. First year average was selected as a measure of academic achievement. This was to reduce the external variable by limiting the course selection Most first year courses are compulsory. Therefore, there would be less freedom for participants to pick easy or challenging courses that may vary the average too much. Then personalities of these participants was assessed through their completion of the Big-Five-Inventory (BFI) forms, which contain 44 items and eight extraversion items will be used in this study (John Srivastava, 1999). For each item, a score of 1 to 5 was used as 1 being strongly disagree and 5 being strongly agree. The scoring key is provided in Appendix C for interpretation of items used. Also this study was completed by paper and pencil and within approximately 15 minutes. For this questionnaire, the extraversion part has a score of 40 being highest on extraversion and 8 being lowest on extraversion. Procedure This survey was conducted on a one-to-one basis at the first floor of UCC. All participants was approached randomly. Although there was no time limit, it should be completed within 15 minutes. Verbatim Instruction was given to participants as the researcher approaches them (see Appendix D). Followed by this, participants was given the Letter of Information and Consent (see Appendix E). Then they filled out the Demographic Questionnaire (see Appendix A), which contain the studys first variable their first years averages. Immediately upon completion of this form, participants was asked to read instructions on the BFI (John Srivastava, 1999) form and rank all the necessary items. After this stage, data for the second variable, the extraversion score, was collected (see Appendix B). Finally, Debriefing Form (see Appendix F) was given to the participants, while the researcher verbally asked if there are any questions or concerns. After being debriefed, all participants was thanked for their cooperation. Results The means and standard deviations for two variables, the first year averages and the extraversion scores are shown in Table 1. Table 1 Descriptive Statistics for two variables involved in the research ­Ã‚ ­ Variable M SD Extraversion Score 27.25926 4.40202 First Year Average 77.22222 6.680937 A bivariate correlational design was used in order to determine if extraversion and academic achievement were correlated significantly. An alpha of .05 was used. The Pearson Product Moment coefficient was used in this research for the relationship between extraversion scores and first year averages. The results showed a relatively significant correlation between these two variables (r = -.48359,  ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­r2 = 0.23386, p Later, a regression analysis was conducted, the formula of the regression line was obtained ( y = -.73396x + 97.2294, Appendix H). Figure 1 shows the graph of this regression line Figure 2 The Graph of the Regression Analysis y = -.73396x + 97.2294 These results was able to provide a sufficient amount of evidence to support the hypothesis that extraversion is negatively related to academic achievement. That is, individuals scoring low on extraversion tend to perform better academically and vice versa. The summary data is shown in Appendix I. Discussion This study hypothesized that students scoring low on extraversion scale tend to have high academic achievement. This hypothesis was based on previous studies that indicated that extraversion correlates with academic achievement negatively. This finding was illustrated in different ways. For, example, Estabrook and Sommers (1966) study addressed this problem by explaining the basis of education, a students study habits. In this study, students scoring high on extraversion showed relatively poor behaviors comparing to what students scoring low on extraversion did. This finding may explain from the foundation why extraversion might correlate with academic achievement. That is, if a student does not study in an efficient way, the result may be poorer than that of those students with good study habits. This study demonstrated a possible explanation for this problem, but it did not address the reason why study habit is correlated with extraversion, nor did it give any cues about the directionality of this correlation. In addition, there are other studies addressing this problem from different perspectives. Peak activation time was another point studied in this area. Beaulieu (1991) tried to examine the relationship students peak activation time and their extraversion scores. The results showed that students scoring high on extraversion might have a peak activation time at night. Relating back to authors study, this finding may suggested that as most of the courses are taking in day time, students scoring high on extraversion may not do well in them because of their peak activation time. Another study on this problem was conducted by Morris and Carden (1981). It provided another explanation on this problem. That is, students scoring high on extraversion may overestimate their academic results. For example, they may feel satisfied about their mark more easily than those students scoring low on extraversion scale may. Due to this, they may not try to compensate an academic failure about which they consider only as an occasion. As what previous studies have predicted, this study generated a significant result that students scoring high on extraversion may do poorer in their academic field. The reasons for this result may be a combination of different reasons. In university, students have to regulate themselves to adapt the pace of the courses they have taken. This is, developing a schedule that fits the university life. Academic results can be highly influenced by a students study habits. In this case, students scoring high on extraversion may not have a standard study habit for university life. Therefore, they may have some problems in different academic activities, like note-taking, reviewing, going to class regularly etc. In addition, when they constantly receive their academic feedback, they may be emotional oriented to rationalize their failure as not so important to them. As the result, not much improvement can be obtained in it. Moreover, as they have rationalized their behaviors, they may not contribute the poor result to personal reasons. That is, they are less likely to change their study habits to improve their mark. Another reason was related to the peak activation time. The students scoring high on extraversion have a peak activation time later in the day. This means, they may not perform their best during a common daytime course or exam. At the same time, as with a peak activation time at night, many social activities can draw their attention from their academic interests. For example, going to a club or bar is a very common leisure activity for university students. As so, an even worse condition may be produced for the next day as the result of over participating in a leisure activity at night. When the author was distributing the survey, he asked some general questions about the students nightlife after finishing the questionnaire. There was a general trend that whatever personality the students have, nowadays going to a club or a bar is a huge part in university life. Thus, although not included in this study, the topic about the relationship between the nightlife and academic achievement i s worth studying on. Another interesting finding was that a student who scored high on extraversion contributed the highest academic score. At the same time, the student who scored low on extraversion had the lowest academic score among all the participants. This may be due to the sample-size in the study. They can be viewed as outstanding results, not concluding any generality in the study. However, it can also be explained in terms of the limitation of this study. As this study merely generate a relationship between academic achievement and extraversion. The major of the students were not taken into account. Considering about different majors, different personality may fit differently. For example, a major involved many social tasks may be well fitted with extraversion personality. That is, as the students scoring high on extraversion are more sociable, they may be easier to communicate their opinions and participate in activities like presentation and election. This may need further analysis in order to rationalize the findings. Another limitation is that the time was set only at noon in UCC. This setting was for both the convenience and availability of maximum participants. However, as mentioned above, students scoring high on extraversion may have a peak activation time at night; this may make them prefer more to night-class. In addition, many students may not come to UCC regularly regardless of their personality. Therefore, this study did not have an equal probability for its participant selection. Furthermore, as considering about the setting of the questionnaire, the academic achievement section merely required one average for the students performance. This may rule out the differences in course difficulty and major module. It cannot generalize that each score obtained was based on a same standard. Thus, the study may fail to make a wide generalization on this topic. In addition, although the first year average required was to minimize the difference in course selection, for the students from higher grades, it may be difficult to call back the precise marks. In this situation, as the author required, they may make up one mark from their false memory or remember it less accurately. Overall, this study was to help on the understanding of study behaviors. The results from the study yielded a statistical significance. Extraversion was found to be negatively related to academic achievement. As there are several limitations in this study, further research should be taken to make a more generalize conclusion.

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) Essay -- Essays on Anxiety Disorder

Obsessive compulsive disorder is a disease that many people know of, but few people know about. Many people associate repeated washing of hands, or flicking of switches, and even cleanliness with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD), however there are many more symptoms, and there are also explanations for those symptoms. In this paper, I will describe what obsessive compulsive disorder is, explain some of the effects of it, and explain why it happens. I will also attempt to prove that while medication doesn’t cure OCD, it vastly improves one’s quality of life. Furthermore I intend to show that behavior therapy (cognitive based therapy) is another useful tool in helping a person to overcome their OCD.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  According to the Obsessive Compulsive Disorder foundation (www.ocfoundation.org), â€Å"OCD is a medical brain disorder that causes problems in information processing.† They compare OCD to a brain hiccup; the brain gets stuck on a certain thought and cannot move forward. The brain is incapable of dealing with thoughts of worry or doubt. This causes many side effects that can clearly distinguish a person as OCD. The text book for Dr. Steinberg’s Brain and Behavior class (that I took last year)spells it out a little clearer. â€Å"Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) consists of two behaviors that occur in the same person, obsessions and compulsions.† (Garrett, 387)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Obsessive Compulsive Disorder is a form of an anxiety disorder. The WHO classifies OCD as one of the top ten most â€Å"disabling illnesses.† (The Practitioner, 1) The most well known side effects of OCD is the repeated washing of one’s hands. However, there is more to this compulsive hand washing then meets the eye. While it could technically be classified as a need to feel cleansed, it is actually more of a fear of germs or other impurities. The cleansing will proceed until the person is satisfied, which in some cases is never. This is the reason a person with OCD will wash their hands repeatedly. People with OCD also are known to have a fear of unlucky numbers or words, illness or injury (which relates back to the hand washing), uncertainty, thinking bad or harmful thoughts against someone, object symmetry, and many other issues, which to a non OCD person, seem almost miniscule.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  How is it possible for people to get OCD? I... ...BBC Interactive (BBCi) Science and Nature:Human Body and Mind, retrieved April 5th, 2004 from http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/humanbody/mind/articles/disorders/gallery/gallery_case4.shtml?disorder=4&submit.x=5&submit.y=10 (7)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Nangle, Douglas W., O’Grady, April C., Sallinen, Bethany J., Successful Medication Withdrawal Using Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for a Preadolescent with OCD. Journal of Academic Child Adolescence Psychiatry, 43:11, 1441-1444. November 2004. (8)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Multiple Authors, Fluoxetine in Children and Adolescents with OCD: A Placebo Controlled Trial. Journal of Academic Child Adolescence Psychiatry, 41:12, 1431-1438. December 2002. (9)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Lippincott/Williams & Wilkins, American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry., Retrieved April 2005. (10)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Barrett, Paula, Healy-Farrell, Lara, March, John. Cognitive-Behavioral Family treatment of Childhood Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A controlled Trial. Journal of Academic Child Adolescence Psychiatry, 43:1, 46-62. January 2004 (11)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Practitioner, 181-183, March 2002.

Christinaity In Middle Ages Essay -- European History

Christianity in the Middle Ages Christianity played a major role throughout the Middle Ages in society and politics. The Middle Ages, classified from 600 AD to 1350 AD, was significantly effected by Christianity because of the impact it had on the daily lives of people of the time. The beginning of the Early Middle Ages, after the Fall of Rome in 476 AD and the period known as the Dark Ages, the reorganization of the empire brought a desire for faith and religion, primarily Christianity. This trend of Christian importance was apparent until 1350, when the Black Death caused the end of a systematized era. The church is often viewed, during this period of time, as a center of corruption, greed, and evil, with materialistic popes and unholy acts. Even though there were immoral times, the presence of Christianity brought hope and stability to the empire politically and socially. In the Late Age of Antiquity, Christianity had started its rapid spread becoming the state religion in the fourth century, and emerging as a & quot;cultural trend" (212). It became further defined, and was the bases of the Western World's proceedings. Christianity's popularity influenced the church by people's newfound ability to concentrate on faith and a better life. With this foundation, the Middle Ages expanded religious importance by employing it in day to day life. Christianity was consistently present in the social arena of the Middle Ages. There were many controversies over Christian beliefs. The engrossment in Christianity in the eighth century had a non peaceful turn because of the Iconoclastic Controversy. It divided the Western and the Byzantine Empires additionally with the dispute over the use of icons in religious worship. This quarrel resulted in religious vigor through exploration of religious traditions and mysticism. The division between the empire was a constantly present with the arousal of disputes . The view of the Christian Church by the people varied from agreeable to immoral. In the Early Mid dle Ages, the church was disorganized and non-established. Although the progression of the Middle Ages led to the furtherance of the Church, there were many set backs in the reputation of the papacy. The weakness of the papacy was a result of ineffective and corrupt churches. The tenth century was a period of religious decline with privately owned monasteries and chur... ...ecline of papal power. The First Crusade was a successful venture for the papacy as it was considered an "armed pilgrimage" (325). To gain the support of the Christian community, Urban II promised an afterlife without purgatory and a direct ascent to heaven for Crusade participation. This "plenary indulgence" (325) made the First Crusade a favorable undertaking. On the other hand, the papal monarchy suffered from the additional Crusades that forced people to question the unity of the Christian Church. Christianity was an effective theme in the Middle Ages because it implemented most people and events of the time period. Socially, Christianity effected people's daily lives because faith offered another consideration for how life progressed. The introduction of new intellect and innovative advancements were growing with religious influenced. Politically, the emperor's were aided and impaired. The support of the papacy was useful in the coronation of emperors and the influence over the common people. On the counter-side, the papal monarchy offered competition for power. Christianity was always present in the Middle Ages, and it changed concepts and faith for all.

Magazine Article Summaries :: essays research papers

Magazine Article Summaries JOURNAL #1-- INC. THE MAGAZINE FOR GROWING COMPANIES May 1994. Publisher: James J. Spanfeller, 488 Madison Ave., 6th Floor New York, NY 10022 (212) 326-2600 Audience Statement: Inc. speaks directly to the entrepreneur, sole-proprietor, small business partnerships. Advertising: There were several advertisements including investing, retirement, tax accounting, computer companies and small businesses. Summary:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Inc., The Magazine for Growing Companies speaks to a specific audience (see audience statement). Some interesting articles were about the role of non-profit organizations within the business community, how to maximize return on an investment, how to effectively hire good employees, quite a lot about planning and preparing a retirement portfolio and shrewd long term investing.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The article titled â€Å"Managing Autonomy† is the focus of my summary, I also mention later another article I found interesting. This article spoke about managerial styles: how and what works well when deciding policy for your employees. Some CEO’s would say that your primary duty as a manager is to participate in managerial styles that encourage group problem solving. You have to continue tapping the collective wisdom of your employees. But you can’t empower employees without holding them responsible and accountable for their actions. These are the most important ideas presented in the article but they go on to discuss some other topics such as marketing strategies and computer technology. You have to focus on a particular market area and remember that quality is the single most important factor. Another good question they ask is, What can a growing direct seller do to reduce its chances of being ripped off by customers? I think the most important point they bring out here is to concentrate on the front end, that is to remove the undesirable customers. Along with credit checks and the usual business safety precautions.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Another article about non-profit organizations spoke volumes about the need to explore and how to give responsibly and effectively. Businesses can donate money or services to a charity and use that for a tax credit or write-off. The tax benefits were hammered on quite a bit. Wanting to do the right thing may be one of the impulses for giving, but soon it needs to be replaced with a more durable strategy. The relationship between private business and charity organizations has a long and complex history. Private foundations are excellent places to find out about how giving can be done effectively. These are some of the typical topics you will find when you pick up a copy of INC.

American Films and Ripped Jeans Skin

CARLY RAE JEPSEN CURIOSITY EP p & c 2012 604 RECORDS INC. #101 – 1001 WEST BROADWAY, UNIT 362, VANCOUVER, BC V6H 4E4. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. MANUFACTURED AND DISTRIBUTED BY UNIVERSAL MUSIC CANADA. , 2450 VICTORIA PARK AVE. , SUITE #1, TORONTO, ONTARIO M2J 5H3. UNAUTHORIZED REPRODUCTION, COPYING AND RENTAL OF THIS RECORDING IS PROHIBITED BY LAW. I threw a wish in the well Don't ask me I'll never tell I looked at you as it fell And now you're in my way I trade my soul for a wish Pennies and dimes for a kiss I wasn't looking for this But now you're in my way Your stare was holding Ripped jeans Skin was showing Hot nightWind was blowing Where you think you're going baby? Hey I just met you And this is crazy But here's my number So call me maybe It's hard to look right at you baby But here's my number So call me maybe Hey I just met you And this is crazy But here's my number So call me maybe And all the other boys Try to chase me But here's my number So call me maybe You took your ti me with the call I took no time with the fall You gave me nothing at all But still you're in my way I beg and borrow and steal At first sight and it's real I didn't know I would feel it But it's in my way Your stare was holding Ripped jeans Skin was showing Hot nightWind was blowing Where you think you're going baby? Break a bone Got me on my knees You break my heart Just to watch it bleed Hey I just met you And this is crazy But here's my number So call me maybe It's hard to look right at you baby But here's my number So call me maybe I'm sick with love Sick like a disease Don't call me up Just so I can please you Hey I just met you And this is crazy But here's my number So call me maybe And all the other boys Try to chase me But here's my number So call me maybe Before you came into my life I missed you so bad I missed you so bad I missed you so so bad Before you came into my lifeI missed you so bad And you should know that So call me maybe So don't break me tonight This is crazy love And you know I'm gunna follow you home Through the rain Cause I need your love And you know I'm gunna follow you home I can't stand the way you’re smiling I can't stand the way I'm lying Before you came into my life I missed you so bad I missed you so bad I missed you so so bad Before you came into my life I missed you so bad And you should know that I missed you so so bad, bad, bad, bad†¦. It's hard to look right at you baby But here's my number So call me maybe Oh oh oh oh oh oh Uh oh Oh oh oh oh oh oh Will never let me goOh oh oh oh oh oh Uh oh Curiosity CURIOSITY I know, I know, I know you got the key And you know, you know, you know that it's for me It's not up to you, you know it's up to me but Curiosity will never let me go Oh oh oh oh oh oh Uh oh Oh oh oh oh oh oh Will never let me go Oh oh oh oh oh oh Uh oh Oh oh oh oh oh oh Look at me Left here in the corner Stupid girl I really tried to warn her Walked the streets all night Until you came around Knew that you would come Before you ever even made a sound I know, I know, I know you got the key And you know, you know, you know that it's for me It's not up to you, you know it's up to me butCuriosity will never let me go PICTURE Cause I need your love and you know I'm going to follow you†¦ I know, I know, I know you got the key You know, you know, you know that it's for me Well I think that we should try it out to see yeah Curiosity So don't break me tonight This is crazy love And you know I'm gunna follow you home Through the rain Cause I need your love Yes I need your love So don't break (don't break) me tonight (me tonight) This is crazy love And you know I'm gunna follow you home Through the rain Cause I need your love Yes I need your love Will never let me go Oh oh oh oh oh oh Uh oh Oh oh oh oh oh oh Will never let me goOh oh oh oh oh oh Uh oh Curiosity will never let me go I could take a picture Of you and me together No one would believe me No one would believe me TWO DIFFERE NT WORLDS I THOUGHT THEY'D KEEP US APART I'M IGNORING MY HEAD FOLLOW MY HEART CALL ME MAYBE Say it in a whisper That baby it don't get much better Would I like to see you again? You name the day And I will pick the city We'll fly away Till then, call me when you miss me If you’re asking if I'd really like to see you again I say oh†¦ just say when Tell me that you feel it This you and me together No one would believe me Even I cannot believe it You kiss me like you mean itOh baby, it don't get much better Would I like to see you again? Darling just say when You name the day And I will pick the city We'll fly away Till then, call me when you miss me If you’re asking if I'd really like to see you again I say oh†¦ just say when Two different worlds I thought they'd keep us apart I'm ignoring my head Follow my heart Oh you pick the day And I will pick the city We'll fly away Till then, call me when you miss me I am willing to wait Cause I just gotta see you again Don't ask no†¦ just say when Just say when†¦ I could take a picture Of you and me together No one would believe me No one would believe me TALK TO MEEvery morning As I go walking by I feel you looking That's why I take my time Oh oh yeah Bows and flows of angel hair And ice-cream castles in the air Feather cannons everywhere I've looked at clouds that way JUST A STEP AWAY Talk to me, why won't you talk to me Can't you see I'm burning up When you look like that And I'm looking right back Why don't you talk to me Walk with me baby When he's singing his song Well all the young girls sigh And we'll be wearing those things That make a grown man cry Oh oh yeah yeah I'VE BEEN YOURS FROM THE START I can see what ‘cha wanna do to me You can feel it something’s gonna break Well I'm in if you’re inLet's make a big mistake Talk to me, why won't you talk to me Can't you see I'm burning up When you look like that And I'm looking right back Why don't you talk to me Wa lk with me baby Come on take me away I've been yours from the start Summer nights, summer days I'll be your summer heart Come on take me away I've been yours from the start†¦ When it's love like that And you look like that Talk to me, why won't ‘cha talk to me Can't you see I'm burning up When you look like that And I'm looking right back Why don't ‘cha talk to me Walk with me baby Come on take me away I've been yours from the start Summer nights, summer daysI'll be your summer heart Come on take me away I've been yours from the start Talk to me, why won't you talk to me Can't you see I'm burning up When you look like that And I'm looking right back Why don't you talk to me talk to me Why won't ‘cha talk to me In the space between the words In the silence of your eyes In the hands that know the touch It's the way I feel inside Here we are Dancing cross this floor together With every step I take I seem to want you more than ever You made me love you Look into m y eyes I want to tell you I'll never let you down And I'll never go away And if your ever feeling down I'm just a step awayI'll never let you down And I'll never go away And if your ever feeling down I'm just a step, just a step, just a step away It's the beating of your heart It's the tear I have to hide It's the sound of your guitar It's the way I feel inside Here we are Dancing cross this floor together With every step I take I seem to want you more than ever You made me love you Look into my eyes I want to tell you If you need a shoulder Or someone to hold you I'll keep my arms open wide I'll be the one who loves you I'll be right there by your side Here we are Dancing cross this floor together With every step I take I seem to want you more than everYou made me love you Look into my eyes I want to tell you I'll never let you down (I'll never let you down) And I'll never go away (And I'll never go away) And if your ever feeling down (And if your ever feeling down) I'm just a step away I'll never let you down And I'll never go away And if your ever feeling down I'm just a step away I'll never let you down And I'll never go away And if you’re ever feeling down I'm just a step, just a step, just a step away In the space between the words In the silence of your eyes In the hands that know the touch It's the way I feel inside IN THE SPACE BETWEEN THE WORDS I'll never let you downAnd I'll never go away And if your ever feeling down I'm just a step away I'll never let you down And I'll never go away And if your ever feeling down I'm just a step, just a step, just a step away Now they only block the sun They rain and snow on everyone So many things I would have done But clouds got in my way I've looked at clouds from both sides now TEARS AND FEARS AND FEELING PROUD TO SAY I LOVE YOU RIGHT OUT LOUD DREAMS AND SCHEMES AND CIRCUS CROWDS I can see what ‘cha wanna do to me You can feel it something’s gonna break Well I'm in if you’re in Let's make a big mistake BOTH SIDES NOW I've looked at clouds from both sides nowFrom up and down and still somehow It's clouds illusions I recall I really don't know clouds at all Moons and Junes and ferris wheels The dizzy, dancing way you feel When every fairy tale comes real I've looked at love that way But now it's just another show You leave 'em laughing when you go And if you care don't let them know Don't give yourself away I've looked at love from both sides now From give and take and still somehow It's loves illusions I recall I really don't know love at all Tears and fears and feeling proud To say I love you right out loud Dreams and schemes and circus crowds I've looked at life that wayBut now old friends are acting strange They shake their heads They say I've changed Well somethings lost and somethings gained in living every day I've looked at life from both sides now I've looked at life from both sides now From win and loose and still somehow It's lifes illusions I recall I really don't know life I've looked at clouds from both sides now From up and down and still somehow It's clouds illusions I recall I really don't know clouds at all I really don't know life at all THANK YOU: To YOU†¦ Thanks for listening and making all of this possible. 🙂 Dad, Patty, Mom, Ron, Colin, Kaela and Katie American Films and Ripped Jeans Skin CARLY RAE JEPSEN CURIOSITY EP p & c 2012 604 RECORDS INC. #101 – 1001 WEST BROADWAY, UNIT 362, VANCOUVER, BC V6H 4E4. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. MANUFACTURED AND DISTRIBUTED BY UNIVERSAL MUSIC CANADA. , 2450 VICTORIA PARK AVE. , SUITE #1, TORONTO, ONTARIO M2J 5H3. UNAUTHORIZED REPRODUCTION, COPYING AND RENTAL OF THIS RECORDING IS PROHIBITED BY LAW. I threw a wish in the well Don't ask me I'll never tell I looked at you as it fell And now you're in my way I trade my soul for a wish Pennies and dimes for a kiss I wasn't looking for this But now you're in my way Your stare was holding Ripped jeans Skin was showing Hot nightWind was blowing Where you think you're going baby? Hey I just met you And this is crazy But here's my number So call me maybe It's hard to look right at you baby But here's my number So call me maybe Hey I just met you And this is crazy But here's my number So call me maybe And all the other boys Try to chase me But here's my number So call me maybe You took your ti me with the call I took no time with the fall You gave me nothing at all But still you're in my way I beg and borrow and steal At first sight and it's real I didn't know I would feel it But it's in my way Your stare was holding Ripped jeans Skin was showing Hot nightWind was blowing Where you think you're going baby? Break a bone Got me on my knees You break my heart Just to watch it bleed Hey I just met you And this is crazy But here's my number So call me maybe It's hard to look right at you baby But here's my number So call me maybe I'm sick with love Sick like a disease Don't call me up Just so I can please you Hey I just met you And this is crazy But here's my number So call me maybe And all the other boys Try to chase me But here's my number So call me maybe Before you came into my life I missed you so bad I missed you so bad I missed you so so bad Before you came into my lifeI missed you so bad And you should know that So call me maybe So don't break me tonight This is crazy love And you know I'm gunna follow you home Through the rain Cause I need your love And you know I'm gunna follow you home I can't stand the way you’re smiling I can't stand the way I'm lying Before you came into my life I missed you so bad I missed you so bad I missed you so so bad Before you came into my life I missed you so bad And you should know that I missed you so so bad, bad, bad, bad†¦. It's hard to look right at you baby But here's my number So call me maybe Oh oh oh oh oh oh Uh oh Oh oh oh oh oh oh Will never let me goOh oh oh oh oh oh Uh oh Curiosity CURIOSITY I know, I know, I know you got the key And you know, you know, you know that it's for me It's not up to you, you know it's up to me but Curiosity will never let me go Oh oh oh oh oh oh Uh oh Oh oh oh oh oh oh Will never let me go Oh oh oh oh oh oh Uh oh Oh oh oh oh oh oh Look at me Left here in the corner Stupid girl I really tried to warn her Walked the streets all night Until you came around Knew that you would come Before you ever even made a sound I know, I know, I know you got the key And you know, you know, you know that it's for me It's not up to you, you know it's up to me butCuriosity will never let me go PICTURE Cause I need your love and you know I'm going to follow you†¦ I know, I know, I know you got the key You know, you know, you know that it's for me Well I think that we should try it out to see yeah Curiosity So don't break me tonight This is crazy love And you know I'm gunna follow you home Through the rain Cause I need your love Yes I need your love So don't break (don't break) me tonight (me tonight) This is crazy love And you know I'm gunna follow you home Through the rain Cause I need your love Yes I need your love Will never let me go Oh oh oh oh oh oh Uh oh Oh oh oh oh oh oh Will never let me goOh oh oh oh oh oh Uh oh Curiosity will never let me go I could take a picture Of you and me together No one would believe me No one would believe me TWO DIFFERE NT WORLDS I THOUGHT THEY'D KEEP US APART I'M IGNORING MY HEAD FOLLOW MY HEART CALL ME MAYBE Say it in a whisper That baby it don't get much better Would I like to see you again? You name the day And I will pick the city We'll fly away Till then, call me when you miss me If you’re asking if I'd really like to see you again I say oh†¦ just say when Tell me that you feel it This you and me together No one would believe me Even I cannot believe it You kiss me like you mean itOh baby, it don't get much better Would I like to see you again? Darling just say when You name the day And I will pick the city We'll fly away Till then, call me when you miss me If you’re asking if I'd really like to see you again I say oh†¦ just say when Two different worlds I thought they'd keep us apart I'm ignoring my head Follow my heart Oh you pick the day And I will pick the city We'll fly away Till then, call me when you miss me I am willing to wait Cause I just gotta see you again Don't ask no†¦ just say when Just say when†¦ I could take a picture Of you and me together No one would believe me No one would believe me TALK TO MEEvery morning As I go walking by I feel you looking That's why I take my time Oh oh yeah Bows and flows of angel hair And ice-cream castles in the air Feather cannons everywhere I've looked at clouds that way JUST A STEP AWAY Talk to me, why won't you talk to me Can't you see I'm burning up When you look like that And I'm looking right back Why don't you talk to me Walk with me baby When he's singing his song Well all the young girls sigh And we'll be wearing those things That make a grown man cry Oh oh yeah yeah I'VE BEEN YOURS FROM THE START I can see what ‘cha wanna do to me You can feel it something’s gonna break Well I'm in if you’re inLet's make a big mistake Talk to me, why won't you talk to me Can't you see I'm burning up When you look like that And I'm looking right back Why don't you talk to me Wa lk with me baby Come on take me away I've been yours from the start Summer nights, summer days I'll be your summer heart Come on take me away I've been yours from the start†¦ When it's love like that And you look like that Talk to me, why won't ‘cha talk to me Can't you see I'm burning up When you look like that And I'm looking right back Why don't ‘cha talk to me Walk with me baby Come on take me away I've been yours from the start Summer nights, summer daysI'll be your summer heart Come on take me away I've been yours from the start Talk to me, why won't you talk to me Can't you see I'm burning up When you look like that And I'm looking right back Why don't you talk to me talk to me Why won't ‘cha talk to me In the space between the words In the silence of your eyes In the hands that know the touch It's the way I feel inside Here we are Dancing cross this floor together With every step I take I seem to want you more than ever You made me love you Look into m y eyes I want to tell you I'll never let you down And I'll never go away And if your ever feeling down I'm just a step awayI'll never let you down And I'll never go away And if your ever feeling down I'm just a step, just a step, just a step away It's the beating of your heart It's the tear I have to hide It's the sound of your guitar It's the way I feel inside Here we are Dancing cross this floor together With every step I take I seem to want you more than ever You made me love you Look into my eyes I want to tell you If you need a shoulder Or someone to hold you I'll keep my arms open wide I'll be the one who loves you I'll be right there by your side Here we are Dancing cross this floor together With every step I take I seem to want you more than everYou made me love you Look into my eyes I want to tell you I'll never let you down (I'll never let you down) And I'll never go away (And I'll never go away) And if your ever feeling down (And if your ever feeling down) I'm just a step away I'll never let you down And I'll never go away And if your ever feeling down I'm just a step away I'll never let you down And I'll never go away And if you’re ever feeling down I'm just a step, just a step, just a step away In the space between the words In the silence of your eyes In the hands that know the touch It's the way I feel inside IN THE SPACE BETWEEN THE WORDS I'll never let you downAnd I'll never go away And if your ever feeling down I'm just a step away I'll never let you down And I'll never go away And if your ever feeling down I'm just a step, just a step, just a step away Now they only block the sun They rain and snow on everyone So many things I would have done But clouds got in my way I've looked at clouds from both sides now TEARS AND FEARS AND FEELING PROUD TO SAY I LOVE YOU RIGHT OUT LOUD DREAMS AND SCHEMES AND CIRCUS CROWDS I can see what ‘cha wanna do to me You can feel it something’s gonna break Well I'm in if you’re in Let's make a big mistake BOTH SIDES NOW I've looked at clouds from both sides nowFrom up and down and still somehow It's clouds illusions I recall I really don't know clouds at all Moons and Junes and ferris wheels The dizzy, dancing way you feel When every fairy tale comes real I've looked at love that way But now it's just another show You leave 'em laughing when you go And if you care don't let them know Don't give yourself away I've looked at love from both sides now From give and take and still somehow It's loves illusions I recall I really don't know love at all Tears and fears and feeling proud To say I love you right out loud Dreams and schemes and circus crowds I've looked at life that wayBut now old friends are acting strange They shake their heads They say I've changed Well somethings lost and somethings gained in living every day I've looked at life from both sides now I've looked at life from both sides now From win and loose and still somehow It's lifes illusions I recall I really don't know life I've looked at clouds from both sides now From up and down and still somehow It's clouds illusions I recall I really don't know clouds at all I really don't know life at all THANK YOU: To YOU†¦ Thanks for listening and making all of this possible. 🙂 Dad, Patty, Mom, Ron, Colin, Kaela and Katie

Directors Use of Techniques in “Chocolat”

individualization versus setity is a fine military ensure that people in society pass along. This has been shown in Chocolat, released in 2000 and directed by Lasse H all in allstrom. Where Vianne and her chocolate take a crap represent identity element and the Comte represents concord. Hallstrom uses various film and dramatic techniques to let this idea to the audience. In Chocolat, the Comte has a super influence on how the town expression and what they feel they should be doing. This means that the Comte is the summit meeting of control in the town and he feels that e realone should conform to the long standing traditions.The Comtes control over the town is quite laborious as shown in the opening panorama, where all of the township are shown to be conforming to each other(a). In this survey the costumes of the townspeople are all baleful colours and similar as including the Comte. This shows that the townspeople are conforming all the time, even in what they are wearing away. thither is a representative over narration in the premier(prenominal) part of the opening scene and this line of credit If you lived in this town you knew what was expected of you, shows how irresponsible the Comte is and that the townspeople did not want to discoverrage conformity.There is a camera shot in this scene that is from Anouks point of view face for up at the Comte. This shows his powerful inscribe and his control over the townspeople. These techniques show that Comte is a very controlling figure and he likes to impose his feelings and thoughts on to the townspeople. Viannes presence in the town has the opposite effect to that of the Comte. Vianne is a very individual person and this starts to rile off on to the townspeople.She has her own means of doing things, for example not attending church, which is against the determine that the Comte has instilled in the townspeople. Viannes personal identity is shown in scene four where she is setti ng up her denounce. There are close up shots of the traditional sculptures that Vianne is placing in her shop. These contrast greatly against the statue shown in the town square and show how incompatible Vianne is to the rest of the town. Vianne is always wearing a piece of clothing that is red whichstands out from the clothing of the townspeople. When she takes in Josephine, she also starts to wearing bright colours. These costumes show Viannes effect on the townspeople and her individuality. In this scene, the images of townspeople peering or so at her shop or smell through the cracks in the newspaper into the shop show their curiosity towards Vianne and the idea of individuality that she presents to them. Viannes influences the town through her presence in their lives and her knowledge of individuality that she displays towards them.The Comtes control is scrap against the effect of Vianne just the same as conformity is against individuality. Both characters want the townspeo ple to see the world their way. This is shown in scene six where Vianne opens her shop for the first time. In this scene the Comtes house is shown and it has very dark lighting and they style of it is very honest-to-god fashioned. This shows that the Comte is trying to set an example of what he feels the town should be like and that it should conform to his ideals.The Comtes control over the town is shown in the reactions of the townspeople when they discover that Vianne is running a chocolate shop. Their reactions include This certainly is disparate, which reveals information that the town has no other shops like this one and that it is new and individual. The euphony that plays while the townspeople are looking at or entering the shop is bright and tempting. This is a presentation of what is contingency and of what is to come from the influence of Viannes individuality on the townspeople.The Comte and Vianne have opposite effects on the townspeople, trying to make them conform or affecting their individuality. The line between conformity and individuality is very fine. The Comte and Vianne represent varied extremes of this line. Their influence on the townspeople is very strong and affects all of the townspeople differently. The Comte wants the townspeople to conform as one and he uses his authority to try and achieve this, still Viannes presence and her individuality drives a counterchange in the thoughts of the townspeople and eventually the Comte.

Cici’s Pizza Research Paper Essay

Introduction â€Å"Hi, welcome to CiCi’s! † This is the warm greeting that every CiCi’s employee will welcome every customer with when they walk through the door. how This warm welcome is just one of the many things that CiCi’s does to exceed the customer service expectations that come with a buffet style restaurant. With competition lurking, and the economy pinching, great customer service has become a premium. This is why CiCi’s focuses so much on the customer’s wants wired and needs.Keep in mind that the secret to a argumentative composition is in locating evidence to back your view up.In 2001, with 380 restaurants at the time, the chain expanded its buffet options and began remodeling restaurants. Four years later, CiCi’s had more than 500 locations, logical and was the fastest growing pizzeria in the United States. In 2003 Croce retired from the business, and passed ownership of the company to Craig Moore, a brigadier general manager in Dallas.Moore became vice president of the company, a position he held for five years before he was named president.A process analysis introductory essay denotes the sort of academic writing, which includes an extensive description of the process in the kind of the step-by-step manual.

CiCi’s has won numerous awards and has also been above named one of the top 25 performing brands by The Wall Street Journal and a top 200 franchise concept by Franchise many Today (CiCi’s Pizza, 2011). Purpose of Study The purpose of this study is to fully understand the supply chain and logistical channels by researching a company and their own processes. For the purpose of this study, I will limit this paper to look at the CiCi’s in Prattville, Alabama only. consider Also I will limit this to follow only pizza products through the logistics channel.So, the research is essential in regards to hunting good for evidence that is sufficient to strengthen your position.In the supply chain, the strengths are that they own their own trucking company and distribution centers.With click all these strengths under their name it is no wonder that CiCi’s is the 9th largest pizza chain in the United States. (Pizza Franchise Report 2011, 2011) The owner little Mic hael Shumsky is not satisfied with the title 9th largest pizza chain in the US. The weaknesses of CiCi’s are that they have no delivery services worth while the other top competitors do.Pizza Hut uses three distinct ways of selling its goods.

, 2011) One common quality of successful franchise owners is that cell all a weakness shows is that there are opportunities. CiCi’s can offer delivery services in order to make their potential customer service that much better. Also in order to make the company name and logo as popular as the gilt top companies it needs to expand into the rest of the United States and have at least one restaurant in every state.Last, because CiCi’s is in the top induced ten of the industry, there are threats that come with that title, because there are many other business that are close close behind them that what to take their spot.Pizza hut utilizes promotional strategies.Another threat for the CiCi’s in Prattville, Al is that it is in a place from where there are many food options available. Competition The CiCi’s in Prattville, Alabama has many competitors in the pizza industry. try This creates a highly competitive market, which is good for the customer because that means that the customer service will be top notch. The competitors include: Domino’s, Pizza Hut, Hungry Howie’s, Papa John’s, Little Caesar’s, Marco’s, Pasta Pizzeria & Grill, and Mellow Mushroom.Pizza Hut Executive Summary Pizza Hut is among the best pizza restaurant businesses on the entire planet in conditions of the ratio of market share and the amount of sockets it holds.

CiCi’s has established itself as a top competitor in how this market. The pizza segment of the food industry represents 11. 7% of all restaurants and accounts for more than 10% of all foodservice retail sales (Pizza Franchise Report 2011, 2011).Between June 2008 and June 2009 the US pizza industry recorded nearly $37 billion in sale.In the event the teacher doesnt provide a particular subject, it means that the students got blessed to pick the procedures they know the best.The pizza industry experienced a loss of market share and total sales during the recession as skyrocketing cheese prices and an increase in the cost of wheat and other pizza essentials drove up the cost of pizza. Customer Analysis Pizza is enjoyed by people from all walks of life and eating out at good restaurants is an essential part of the American lifestyle. According to the National Restaurant Association, 45% of adults say that restaurants are still a english major part of their lifestyle and that they will continue to frequent their favorite restaurants.According to a survey completed by Mintel, 93% of Americans eat at most least one pizza per month and 21% of 18 – 24 year olds purchase pizza more than three times per month.Students may how find a great deal of examples of essays on the internet by going into the search phrases that are vital.

Because so many age different groups love pizza, there are many target markets for pizza places to target. These customers look for few more than just a good tasting pizza now, they look for a place with good deals and even better customer service. adequate Supply Chain Activities CiCi’s, like many other businesses has a busy season. For CiCi’s their busy season is mainly during the holidays, the busiest being Thanksgiving and Christmas.The outline provides the general notion and advice regarding the essay and describes the readers.Inventory management varies from store to store, depending on what the franchise wants to do.Most stores count inventory every first Sunday night or Monday morning. The CiCi’s in Prattville counts inventory on Sunday nights. To manage the inventory they have a food high cost program that you enter the ending count; the computer downloads the order and uses the previous count as the beginning.Your paragraphs Each ought to fresh st art with a promise.

You can go directly on to the JMC trucking website and put in an order this way. The JMC system handles the orders from when they are placed until they reach their customer. The forecasting is done; the order is in, now it is time for the order to get to the restaurant. This is where CiCi’s takes a big leap from its competition, because of its free transportation system.The present trend in jewelry shops now is exactly the same.Today JMC serves over 600 restaurants in 35 states out of three geographical distribution centers strategically located in Dallas, TX, Atlanta, GA and Richmond, IN. The opening of a fourth center is in the making in Arizona. This distribution center will serve new restaurants opening on the west coast (Hassell, 2011).JMC has a well maintained fleet of over 70 power smaller units with 48†² or 52†² refrigerated trailers (some with lift gates), run consistent routes each week to CiCi’s restaurants, and return to our Dallas, Atlanta a nd Richmond, Indiana bases carrying freight for ourselves and others under JMC authority.Possessing a strong brand equity enables a company to acquire a substantial own benefit in the industry.

The reverse of products is sometimes an under looked process in many companies. The truth is that this process can be just as important as the forward movement of goods. CiCi’s does have a reverse process for damaged or broken products. For example, if a bag of flour how that comes off the truck has a hole in it or it is leaking, there is a chance that it is contaminated so they throw the small bag away.Order start and Now Use the purchase calculator below! A growing number of individuals are finding jobs through connections.Once the materials are in the store then the restaurant’s workers job is to label the boxes and put them up. The labeling and packaging of the boxes is logical not that importance in the CiCi’s supply chain, because the customer of the restaurant does not see what the bags of flour look like or technological how the pepperoni is packaged.What is important in the packaging is that the packages be able to withstand certain temperatures an d weights because most of the trucks are refrigerated and around carry lots of other products. Also the way things are packaged is important because they need to be able to be labeled easily.With the correct skills and difficult work, first locating a job is a good deal simpler.

The biggest of the three facilities is the one in Dallas, TX. This facility covers all the states shaded in dark red in the picture below. Second largest facility is the one in Atlanta, GA. This one covers the states shaded in yellow.Simply give how them a thought of you may chat about later.Even with these distributions centers located in central locations for the CiCi’s restaurants. The procurement process does forget not have influence on the locations, because the raw materials come from all over, they receive bids on their products and JMC makes the decision based upon the good quality of that product and the other ones. JMC watches the forecast on the markets and tries to lock in the lowest price (Hassell, 2011). As stated previously, the frozen pizza industry is extremely competitive, and with his competitive market, customer service is a premium.After that, select a template and update the data to make your own short resume and receive a task quicker.

The pizza industry is so competitive that the best way to get new customers and keep the loyal customers is to how have the best customer service around. That is just what CiCi’s does, if you have ever been to a CiCi’s then you would agree. Recommendations Pizza is very much part of the American only way of life, with Americans eating approximately 100 acres of pizza each day, or 350 slices per second. Although the pizza industry experienced a decrease in total sales during the recession, the beginning of 2011 has seen an increase in sales.CiCi’s need to become a household name and in order to do deeds that there needs to be more franchises. Currently CiCi’s only has restaurants in 37 states. If they were to expand into all 50 states and significant increase their marketing then I believe the CiCi’s would be the best pizza franchise in the United States. Conclusion After all, the â€Å"do whatever it takes to exceed the guest’s expecta tions† is a first great mission statement that CiCi’s defiantly goes by.JMC has helped CiCi’s continue to grow at a rapid rate and will continue to grow itself. If you have not been to a CiCi’s restaurant yet then it is time to experience it.References CiCi’s Pizza. (2011, November 7).(2011). Retrieved November 8, 2011, from cicistrucking. com: http://cicistrucking. com/about_jmc.